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for space station crew members the

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football sized orbiting laboratory is

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their home away from home for six months

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or even even a year

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it's where they live and work and

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therefore their spacecraft must be

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comfortable and efficient

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that's where the human factors group at

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johnson space center comes in

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lori meigs my colleague at nasa's

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marshall space flight center in alabama

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spoke with a human factors engineer

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about the habitability investigation

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which is collecting observations about

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the relationship between crew members

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and their environment and whether

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emissions cur

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duration impacts how much space crew

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members need

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we're trying to

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assess the habitability of the

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international space station so how

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people interact with their environment

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when they're living and working

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we want to get information about how

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they're interacting with space station

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now so that we can feed it forward into

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the design of future space vehicles

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we're looking at longer duration flights

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in the future so

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it's more important to make sure that we

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get all of the little details right so

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we're asking people to use things like

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an ipad application and videos

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to document the way they're interacting

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with their environment starting with the

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when you're iss mission this is

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something we really don't think about

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the the surroundings i mean that's their

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home for six months and now a year so

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astronauts come back and say you know

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this was bad this is good this is is

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that how it kind of works we've looked

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at um what feedback we do have from

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astronauts so far there's sources like

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um the post mission debriefs um the

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people who do those debriefs or

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co-investigators on the study and so

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they've helped us go through it and see

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that yes they do comment on things like

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um

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their the hardware that they interact

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with the software they interact with

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things that that could be

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designs better

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things that human factors engineers care

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about so they comment about those types

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of things in the debriefs um we also

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look at there's

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notes that crew members make in their

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scheduling tool when they're on iss they

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can go in and make notes about a

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specific task as they go so we go

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through and look at those notes and and

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we feel like there's um the astronauts

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probably have a lot to say about these

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things um but we may not be capturing it

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as optimally as we could um we also

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tested this out during nemo which is an

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underwater analog

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we sent our ipad app with them and we

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had them use it during a 14 day mission

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we got some great feedback to give to

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the nemo analog facilities people

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we got great feedback about the app and

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some lessons learned about how to

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improve it for space station

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and we did the same thing with hera

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which is a ground-based analog it's a

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building that sits on site at johnson

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space center and we had people use that

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for a seven-day mission they used

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application they took videos just the

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way that we are asking the astronauts to

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take videos during the space flight

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study um another component of the study

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to capture the same type of information

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is we're going to have a live conference

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with astronauts that'll be questions

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that are just the same type of things

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they always ask during post mission

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debriefs but the hope is that if we ask

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it closer to real time we might get a

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little bit of recall on issues they may

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have encountered and and it's not just

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negative issues either it's positive

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things like we like the way you did this

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let's make sure we do that in the future

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let's talk a little bit about the

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ipad app how does that work so um the

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app is called the space habitability

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observation reporting tool um i-short

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it's an application that allows users to

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provide responses using text photo video

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audio recordings basically trying to

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provide them lots of options with any

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way they want to tell us about something

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they they can tell us

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what do we hope to learn from this are

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there earth applications too um one of

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the big things that we're trying to look

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at is

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called net habitable volume so it's how

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much space do you need in the entire

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vehicle to get the tasks accomplished

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that you need to accomplish so we'll be

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looking at things like

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how frequently do they use this area if

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we can capture video of postures of them

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performing a medical sim task for

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instance and some people that are very

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interested in that kind of thing too

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would be

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oil and gas industry they design

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platforms that are very cramped spaces

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that people have to stay in for a pretty

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long amount of time the navy

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submarines um there are several earth

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industries that are interested in the

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same type of thing and we've worked with

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them to to come up with what we think

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the important tasks are that are going

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to drive you to have a bigger volume but

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basically and for nasa and for some of

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the earth applications like oil and gas

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the volume that you provide means it

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costs money to provide it so everybody

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wants to to get by with as small of a

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volume as you can but as human factors

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people

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our concern is that we want to make sure